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Table of Contents
Management
Hotel Management
Overview
Hotels form an integral part of the hospitality industry. Ensuring the smooth running of a hotel requires high levels of management. There are various departments within a hotel which work in tandem to successfully run a hotel and meet business goals. The four core operational departments of a hotel are: Housekeeping, Food Production, Food and Beverage service and Front office department. Apart from these, sales & marketing, accounting, security & engineering, human resources, purchase & storage departments are other important departments which play a significant role in ensuring the functioning and administration of a hotel. Good management requires a strategic and organized unit of people who can provide expertise and skills to build a successful business. With a boom in the tourism industry, the demand for hotels has increased tremendously. This has lead to an increase in job opportunities for aspiring candidates.
Job Prospects
The four core operational departments offer the following prospective jobs in the field:
- Housekeeping Department: The housekeeping department is responsible for the up keeping of guest rooms and the cleanliness of all public areas of the hotel.
Job Prospects: Housekeeping Stewards, Housekeeping Manager, Room Attendant, Linen Keeper.
- Food Production Department: They are responsible for developing menus and preparing food items as per the guests requirements.
Job Prospects: Chef, Baker, Pantry Manager, Kitchen Porter, Dishwasher, and House Stewards.
- Food & Beverage Service Department: It renders the services of prepared food items and beverages in a hospitable way to the customer as per their demand. They work in coffee shops, bars, lounges, specialty restaurants, banquets and room service.
Job Prospects: Bartender, Butler, Kitchen Steward, Food and Beverage Service Steward, Food and Service Manager, Restaurant- Banquet Manager.
- Front Office Department: Personnels working within this department deal directly with the customers and guests. They coordinate with other departments to ensure timely allocation of rooms to guests and meet all other requirements as well.
Job Prospects: Guest Relation Executive, Hotel Concierge, Meeting-Conference and Event Planner, Baggage Porter, Ticketing Consultant, Receptionist, Duty Manager, Travel Consultant and Organizer, Hotel Managers, Front Office Manager.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Ensure coordination among different departments for smooth functioning of the hotel.
- Be proactive in dealing with issues pertaining to maintenance, finance, safety etc.
- Recruit, train and monitor the staff.
- Meet established guidelines and laws while running a hotel.
- Handle customer complaints and queries.
- Make sure top quality service is provided to guests in all departments.
- Promote and market the business as per set goals to meet business objectives.
Desired Attributes
Given below are desired qualities for professionals in this field :
- Friendly and approachable in dealing with clients.
- Excellent communication skills.
- Ability to multitask and manage people well.
- Good planning and organisational skills.
- Adapt well to day-to-day challenges at work.
- Good decision making and problem solving skills.
- Openness to work for longer hours in order to provide excellent services.
- Willingness to keep learning and evolve with the growing industry.
How to get there
Graduation Courses :
- BSc – Hospitality and Hotel Administration
- BSc – Hotel Management and Catering Operations
- BSC – Hotel and Tourism Management
- BA (Hons) Hotel Management
- BHMCT (Bachelor of Hotel Management and Catering Technology)
Entrance Exam: NCHMCT (National Council for Hotel Management and Catering Technology) JEE is conducted for admission to various central, state government, public sector and private institutions affiliated with NCHMCT.
Eligibility: Clear 12th standard with english as a subject. Selection is based on Merit & Rank in the All India Written Test.
Administration
Overview
For an organisation to function smoothly, different departments need to work in sync with one another. Administrative jobs are those services which ensure that employees are able to carry out their responsibilities without any interruption and in an efficient manner. Professionals in this field perform tasks related to office management and clerical work. Answering phone calls, maintaining records, data entry, filing, sorting posts, taking appointments are some of these tasks. An efficient administrative department works behind the scene; planning, coordinating and executing day to day tasks to make sure that work is carried out in an uninterrupted and streamlined manner.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Health & Safety Administrator: Their main task is to ensure that all safety and health measures within an organisation are in place, followed and monitored regularly.
- Secretary: Secretaries are mostly attached to a single person in an organisation or to an entire department. They perform a variety of tasks such as scheduling appointments, making travel arrangements, clerical work, managing database, organising events etc.
- Assistant: Assistants fulfill all duties of a secretary. In addition to those, based on their experience and role in the organisation they may be called upon to perform more specific and important tasks.
- Clerk: A clerk is an individual employed in an office to perform routine administrative tasks such as answering phones, running errands, sorting mail, filing and data entry.
- Collectors (Bills and Accounts): Bill and account collectors are employed in the financial department where they assist in recording information related to payments made or revenue received as well as follow up on overdue bills.
- Receptionist: Receptionists are usually seated at the entrance of an office and do a variety of tasks including distributing mail, signing for packages, answering phones calls, making photocopies and looking after the general upkeep of office.
- Typist: The primary role of a typist is to enter and type out all kinds of documents in varying formats and templates. However, they also perform other administrative duties such as maintaining spreadsheets and databases, answering the phone, photocopying, faxing, filing and so on.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Answering phone calls regarding inquiries, appointments etc.
- Filing, entering and processing different kinds of data.
- Performing certain managerial duties to tackle day–to–day requirements of the organisation.
- Dealing with customer as well as employee queries via phone or email.
- Making arrangements for meetings or conferences and ensuring that they run smoothly.
- Providing assistance to employees by running errands, arranging resources, making photocopies, faxing etc.
- Arranging travel and accommodation for customers and staff when needed.
Desired Attributes
Given below are desired qualities for professionals in this field :
- Excellent interpersonal and communication skills.
- Ability to plan, organise and manage daily tasks and events.
- Ability to multi–task with ease without compromising on the efficiency.
- Good at documenting, data entry and maintaining records.
- Need to have basic computer skills.
- Ability to manage time well.
- Good problem solving skills.
How to get there
Minimum requirement to apply for an administrative job in most organisations is passing 10+2 exams in any stream. A basic skill in mathematics & computers is desirable. Depending on the nature of work, one may be required to obtain some sort of specialisation. Example– Financial administrative assistant jobs often require familiarization and training in specialized reports, spreadsheets, accounting issues, data entry, tax form preparation etc. Taking short term, diploma or certificate courses covering areas such as office administration, business administration, communication and management etc. can be beneficial for advancing one’s career.
Business Functions
Overview
A business can be understood as an undertaking where goods and services are traded for monetary gains. Earning profits and minimizing losses lies at the core of any business. In order to turn any business idea into a reality, certain systems need to be in place which form the backbone of the business. These systems can be seen as the different departments which carry out a variety of business functions. Each department is set up to fulfil specific needs and responsibilities. They perform different functions and coordinate amongst each other to achieve common business goals. Given below are a list of departments that any business would require to function successfully:
- Accounting & Finance: This department looks after the financial requirements of running a business. They ensure that funds are utilised in the right manner and help set fiscal goals for the company.
- Administration/Management: Administration and management forms the backbone of any business as they handle the business planning, decision-making, organisation and financial review of an organization. They coordinate with all departments in an organisation to ensure the smooth flow of information and operations.
- Human Resources: The human resource department is responsible for the management of employees in an organisation. They recruit new employees, train them, manage their compensation packages and evaluate employee performances. They form a crucial link between the employees and the employers.
- Information Technology: This department is responsible for meeting all the technological needs of the company. They ensure that all hardware, software and network systems are in place so that proper functioning of all departments can be ensured.
- Legal: The legal department of a company deal with any issues that might have legal implications for a company. They ensure that the company is compliant and works within the framework of rules and regulations set by regulatory bodies. They also represent the company in the court of law.
- Research & Development: The R & D department is responsible for creating new products and improving the existing ones. It is also concerned with developing newer and efficient ways of production; keeping in mind the latest economic and technological trends.
- Purchasing: The purchasing department is tasked with procuring raw materials, machineries, equipment and supplies. This department ensures that the materials are in the right quantity, at the right price and made available at the right time by the most suitable supplier.
- Production: The production department is the manufacturing wing of the company. It is the place where raw materials are converted to finished products through a series of production processes. They maintain the quantity and quality of the goods being produced.
- Marketing: This department is responsible for identifying the target market for products or services through research and analysis of latest trends. They formulate pricing and sales strategies for business growth to increase profitability and maintain the brand value of their products and services.
- Sales: The sales department is responsible for generating revenue and ensuring that sales of products and services result in profits. It coordinates with the marketing department to increase brand awareness, launch products, advertise etc.
- Distribution: This department is tasked with receiving orders and delivering them to the right customers, at the right place and in the required time frame.
- Operations: This department is chiefly concerned with planning, organizing, supervising and coordinating between different departments such as production, sales, distribution and so on for smooth operation of the business.
- Customer Service Support: The customer service support department deals directly with customers and assists them regarding any queries, complaints, order details etc.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Business analyst
- Marketing executive
- Data analyst
- Human resource manager
- Business lawyer
- Company manager
- Business development officer
- Chief Executive Officer (CEO)
- Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
- Chief Operating Officer (COO)
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Perform daily tasks associated with your position in the organisation.
- Allocate and monitor the investment and expenditure of funds within the business and assist in setting fiscal business objectives.
- Work towards developing the company guidelines and policies and ensuring that they are followed.
- Deal with all legal and compliance issues pertaining to the business.
- Look after the administrative, managerial and operational needs of the business.
- Research, create and test new products, marketing strategies to increase revenue and minimise losses.
- Streamline systems, processes and department procedures to increase work efficiency.
- Recruit qualified candidates and look after all issues pertaining to the employees within the organisation.
- Ensure that goods and services are meeting quality standards consistently and reaching the customers without any hindrances.
- Deal with the complaints and queries of customers and receive constant feedback from them to device ways to improve services provided.
How to get there
Travel & Tourism
Overview
The travel & tourism industry includes the total of all businesses that directly provide goods and services to meet the needs of people travelling from one country to another or within a country for business or leisure purposes. As a sector, it makes the largest contribution to foreign exchange reserves worldwide and employs millions of people directly or indirectly through associated service industries. Transportation, food & beverages, accomodation, recreation and entertainment are the main industries under this sector. Professionals in this field can choose from a variety of career options ranging from travel agents to tour guides, chefs to airline personnels and hotel managers to performing artists. As an individual working in the field, one can expect to learn on the job, deal with people from different cultures and communities and evolve with the latest trends in the industry.
Job Prospects
Some of the prospective jobs under this field are :
- Travel Guide: As the word ‘Guide’ suggests, these individuals help tourists to navigate unfamiliar/new places and provide them knowledge regarding different cultures and their customs.
- Tour Directors: They are responsible for organizing, planning and executing tours or expeditions for individuals or group travellers.
- Ticketing Agent: He/she is responsible for selling tickets to passengers for various modes of transportation. This includes airliners, water transport, railroads etc.
- Outdoor Adventure Guide: They organize and conduct expeditions for sports enthusiasts, tourists or resort guests. They work for adventure tourism companies, resorts, parks or can run an independent business.
- Holiday Representative: They look after all the needs and requirements of travellers from the beginning to the end of a holiday.
- Incentive Travel Specialist: Incentive travel specialists are travel agents who work with corporate clients to create vacation packages for employees and customers.
- Travel Agency Manager: Travel agency managers are responsible for the day-to-day running of travel agencies, meeting sales targets and promoting travel packages.
Similarly, a variety of job opportunities exist in the transportation, accommodation, recreation and hospitality industries.
Desired Attributes
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Excellent communication and interpersonal skills.
- Good at planning, organising and executing plans.
- Ability to multitask, delegate work and manage people well.
- Be confident and friendly in one’s undertaking.
- Passionate, motivated and resilient in executing one’s job.
- Have appropriate and adequate information pertaining to different traditions and customs, historical significance of a place, famous tourist spots etc.
- Excellent time management skills and ability to meet deadlines.
- Adapt and respond in an effective manner to challenges encountered at work.
- Good problem solving skills.
- Knowledge of different languages, currency rates, customer preferences goes a long way in meeting the needs of travellers.
Roles & Responsibilities
Certain duties attached to this field are :
- Specialise in different kinds of tours such as tours to museums, historical places, theme parks, amusement parks etc.
- Prepare itineraries for the tourists on the basis of their schedule.
- Ensure proper execution of plans on a tour.
- Make sure that all needs of travellers are met.
- Provide assistance to clients on a variety of matters such as arranging transport, making bookings, meeting food requirements, providing adequate information regarding a place of interest etc.
- Ensuring the safety of travellers and be equip to handle any emergency situation.
- Depending on the nature of job, ensure that customers are satisfied with the services being provided to them.
- Especially, when dealing with people from different cultures and backgrounds, working with integrity and ensuring high standards of customer care is of paramount importance.
How to get there
Path – 1 :
- Clear 12th standard in any stream
- B.A. Tourism Administration, BBA- Tourism – 3 years
- MBA/M.A./PGDM – 6 months to 2 years
Path – 2 :
- Clear 12th standard in any stream
- Diploma/Certificate course – 1-2 years
- PGDM/Certificate course – 6 months to 1 year
Eligibility :
- Certificate courses and Bachelor’s degrees usually require a candidate to have cleared 12th standard examinations.
- Acquiring a Master’s degree requires one to graduate with a minimum of 50% at graduation level.
- Based on the college that one is applying to, entrance exams needs to be cleared.